摘要：考古发掘中揭露的遗址，在其使用、废弃以及埋藏阶段都可能受到不同程度自然营力的影响。对遗址形成过程进行分析，成为判断遗址完整程度以及解释人类行为与活动的基础。本文主要从遗址所在区域的地质地貌特征、地层沉积物性质、石制品风化磨蚀程度、空间分布方式、分布密度、尺寸范围、以及石制品拼合等方面对遗址形成过程进行分析，并进而判断人类行为以及自然营力对遗址形成的影响。
关键词：丹江口库区；果茶场II遗址；石制品；遗址形成
Site Formation Analysis of Guochachang II Palaeolithic Site in Danjiangkou Reservoir Region
Li Hao1,2 Li Chaorong2 Kathleen Kuman1,3
(1. School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, WITS 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa; 2. Laboratory of Human Evolution & Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044; 3. Evolutionary Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, WITS 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa)
Abstract: The formation of Palaeolithic sites revealed in the excavation would be influenced by human behaviors and non-human agents during the site&g; use, and depositional processes. The analysis of the site formation process is becoming the main method of judging site integrity and interpreting the behaviors of early hominids. This paper mainly focuses on the following aspects of the site formation analysis of Guochachang II site. These aspects includes geological and geomorphological background of the site, nature of the sediments, artifact condition (the degree of weathering and abrasion), artifact spatial distribution patterns (horizontal and vertical), density of artifact distribution, assemblage size profiles, and artifact refitting. The study of the site formation process of Guochachang II site shows that the site was influenced by the small to medium flow dynamics. According to these analysis the primary context of the site was disturbed to some degree, but the important information is still preserved on human activities and behaviors.
Keywords: Danjiangkou Reservoir Region, Guochachang II Site, stone artifacts, site formation